Management Styles
Supervisory Approach
Management - Misc.
Communication-Verbal/Listening
Communication - Non-verbal
Creative Process
Creativity
Staff Motivation
Problem Employees
Personal Crisis -Indicators
Work Related Values &
Work Environment
Meetings
Presentations
Marketing Assessment
Prospecting
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Management Files - main mage
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SUPERVISORY APPROACH
Criticism | Praise | Loyalty
| Deadlines | Communication
Non-Verbal Communication | Environmental Impact
Supervisory Approach
— Be consistent in your supervisory approach without being rigid; within reason.
— Make sure rules and regulations applying to any one person/position applies
to everyone in comparable positions.
— Mistakes:
-Do not try to conceal your mistakes from your employees.
-Manager should set the example or you will only encourage them to
hide their mistakes.
-This could create waste and expense in the longer term.
Criticism
— Never criticize an employee in front of others.
-Do not cause someone to "lose face".
-You will lose the respect of the person being criticized.
-You will lose the respect of those who view the incident.
— Take the sting out of criticism by focusing the discussion on the task and
not on the person.
Praise
— Praise is a non-expense method to increase morale, motivation and productivity.
— Most people respond to praise by working harder.
— Those who feel unappreciated are likely to cut back their efforts...figuring
that management does not care.
Loyalty
— Healthy loyalty is built on mutual respect.
— Loyalty is not built on a dishonest base.
— Loyalty is a willing commitment.
— Obligation throws loyalty into subservience.
— Individuals who do not like a part of a solution, often, become disloyal to the whole.
— This can be the beginning of deteriorating morale.
Deadlines
— Every assigned project should have a deadline.
— Long-range projects should be broken up into interim deadlines, and then monitored
on a regular basis.
— When deadlines are too overwhelming many people simply give up.
— A deadline should be reasonable enough to prevent employees from feeling
overwhelmed, but not so distant that it allows them to procrastinate.
Communication
— Management can set the tone of communications
-Always greet your employees and colleagues.
-Always make eye contact when listening.
-Realize that how you communicate can have a big impact on morale and how
employees function.
— Remember: When messages conflict, nonverbal messages will be accepted over the
verbal/spoken message.
— Be aware of what you say verbally and what you do non-verbally.
— Stop occasionally and "check" yourself.
Non-Verbal Communication
— Messages are sent out by non-verbal as well as verbal channels.
— Managers who send negative non-verbal messages to subordinates may wonder
why their staff seemsdemoralized and unproductive.
— Messages of lack of respect or concern can have a major impact.
-Example: Manager tells a new staff how pleased he/she is to meet the person,
but fails to make eye contact. Conflicting messages are being sent.
— Too little eye contact can cause subordinates/ colleagues to feel they are not
reaching the manager. ** Beware of the impact of cultural differences
— Too much eye contact (or staring) can cause anxiety and project an
overbearing manner. ** Beware of the impact of cultural differences
— Actions, movement and environment send out signals simultaneously.
It is important that signals sent do not misrepresent the real message/intent.
-Examples: adjusting glasses, tugging at a piece of hair or clicking a pen may
convey a different translation to an observer.
— Behavioral habits may communicate contradictory or misleading information.
— Non-verbal signals can create communication barriers between managers and their
subordinates.
-This may be counter-productive.
-Examples of counter-productive signals:
= Keeping subordinates waiting.
= Completing another's sentences before they have a chance to complete
their own thoughts.
= Excessive interruption of discussion by accepting phone calls or
letting other interruptions interfere with the discussion.
-Message sent: Lack of concern or lack of respect for subordinate(s)
— Lack of concern may be conveyed by a pompous style or poor manners.
— These tendencies should be monitored by managers who tend to "brow-beat"in
order to assert control.
— Non-verbal signals can help managers determine when to present a disagreeable
with some conservative, noncommittal response until the group has more
information.
Positive, Non-verbal Influencers:
— Mirror the others' movements -- adapt similar posture, tone of voice.
(sends an agreement message)
— Deliberate mirroring enhances support and sends an agreement message.
— Actions can reinforce verbal communications.
— A compliment has more meaning if it is accompanied by direct eye contact.
(a smile or hand shake)
— A person who walks past or away without a reply to a greeting.
-negative impact
— Laughing at an idea presented to a group
-negative impact
— Yawning while another is speaking
-negative impact
*** Also see Non-Verbal Communications ***
Environmental Impacts on Communication
(Proxemics-Study of How People Use Space & Furnishings)
Non-Verbal Messages
— How an office or conference room is organized will affect interactions
among individuals.
Examples:
-A large uncluttered office may strike visitors as cold and impersonal
-A small office with an inviting arrangement of furniture may
convey warm and personal.
— Observe a person's office/work environment since it can greatly contribute to
understanding the individual.
— Make sure you are aware of the message you are sending.
Is it the message you want to be sending?
— Managers who want to assert their authority will talk with subordinates over a large,
rather than having them sit next to the desk or at uncluttered desk another location
that allows communicationwithout any barriers.
— Excessive space and an overly pretentious desk are silent messages to
subordinates or colleagues.
— If you are trying to elicit honest, candid conversation, these non-verbal
messages are loudly giving an opposite message.
— Spaces and barriers will inhibit verbal responses from employees.
— Beware of mixed messages (verbal and environmental) such as:
-Telling everyone that you have an "open door policy" but have them sit on the
other side of an uncluttered desk.
-Your office door is closed a great deal of the business day.
— Although employees do not have ownership of the space they occupy, respect
should be shown for the territory each uses.
— Using employee space as an exit or entrance, etc... shows indifference to the
occupant(s) and the importance of their contribution and position.
— Also see Brainstorming and Brainwriting techniques.
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