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Management Files          



These "Management Files" are mainly for Middle & Senior Management and Business Owners.
The various topics are meant to remind and to stimulate management thought.


Please note: Our firm does not carry-out or furnish research in these areas. This area of our web site is available only as a public service to foster thought and better management in today's fast-paced environment when the human factor of business is often taken for granted and/or even overlooked.

We are not a source of facts.

 

 



Management Styles
Supervisory Approach
Management - Misc.
Communication-Verbal/Listening
Communication - Non-verbal
Creative Process
Creativity
Staff Motivation
Problem Employees
Personal Crisis -Indicators
Work Related Values &
Work Environment

Meetings
Presentations
Marketing Assessment
Prospecting
Customer Service

Management Files - main mage


      SUPERVISORY APPROACH

Criticism  |   Praise  |  Loyalty   |  Deadlines   |   Communication
Non-Verbal Communication   |   Environmental Impact


Supervisory Approach

  —   Be consistent in your supervisory approach without being rigid; within reason.
  —   Make sure rules and regulations applying to any one person/position applies
        to everyone in comparable positions.
  —   Mistakes:
            -Do not try to conceal your mistakes from your employees.
            -Manager should set the example or you will only encourage them to
             hide their mistakes.
            -This could create waste and expense in the longer term.

Criticism

  —   Never criticize an employee in front of others.
            -Do not cause someone to "lose face".
            -You will lose the respect of the person being criticized.
            -You will lose the respect of those who view the incident.
  —   Take the sting out of criticism by focusing the discussion on the task and
         not on the person.

Praise

  —   Praise is a non-expense method to increase morale, motivation and productivity.
  —   Most people respond to praise by working harder.
  —   Those who feel unappreciated are likely to cut back their efforts...figuring
         that management does not care.

Loyalty

  —   Healthy loyalty is built on mutual respect.
  —   Loyalty is not built on a dishonest base.
  —   Loyalty is a willing commitment.
  —   Obligation throws loyalty into subservience.
  —   Individuals who do not like a part of a solution, often, become disloyal to the whole.
  —   This can be the beginning of deteriorating morale.

Deadlines

  —   Every assigned project should have a deadline.
  —   Long-range projects should be broken up into interim deadlines, and then monitored
         on a regular basis.
  —   When deadlines are too overwhelming many people simply give up.
  —   A deadline should be reasonable enough to prevent employees from feeling
         overwhelmed, but not so distant that it allows them to procrastinate.

Communication

  —   Management can set the tone of communications
            -Always greet your employees and colleagues.
            -Always make eye contact when listening.
            -Realize that how you communicate can have a big impact on morale and how
              employees function.
  —   Remember: When messages conflict, nonverbal messages will be accepted over the
         verbal/spoken message.
  —   Be aware of what you say verbally and what you do non-verbally.
  —   Stop occasionally and "check" yourself.

Non-Verbal Communication

  —   Messages are sent out by non-verbal as well as verbal channels.
  —   Managers who send negative non-verbal messages to subordinates may wonder
         why their staff seemsdemoralized and unproductive.
  —   Messages of lack of respect or concern can have a major impact.
            -Example:   Manager tells a new staff how pleased he/she is to meet the person,
              but fails to make eye contact.   Conflicting messages are being sent.
  —   Too little eye contact can cause subordinates/ colleagues to feel they are not
         reaching the manager.  ** Beware of the impact of cultural differences
  —   Too much eye contact (or staring) can cause anxiety and project an
         overbearing manner.  ** Beware of the impact of cultural differences
  —   Actions, movement and environment send out signals simultaneously.
         It is important that signals sent do not misrepresent the real message/intent.
            -Examples: adjusting glasses, tugging at a piece of hair or clicking a pen may
              convey a different translation to an observer.
  —   Behavioral habits may communicate contradictory or misleading information.
  —   Non-verbal signals can create communication barriers between managers and their
         subordinates.
            -This may be counter-productive.
            -Examples of counter-productive signals:
                  = Keeping subordinates waiting.
                  = Completing another's sentences before they have a chance to complete
                     their own thoughts.
                  = Excessive interruption of discussion by accepting phone calls or
                     letting other interruptions interfere with the discussion.
            -Message sent: Lack of concern or lack of respect for subordinate(s)
  —   Lack of concern may be conveyed by a pompous style or poor manners.
  —   These tendencies should be monitored by managers who tend to "brow-beat"in
         order to assert control.
  —   Non-verbal signals can help managers determine when to present a disagreeable
         with some conservative, noncommittal response until the group has more
         information.

Positive, Non-verbal Influencers:

  —   Mirror the others' movements -- adapt similar posture, tone of voice.
         (sends an agreement message)
  —   Deliberate mirroring enhances support and sends an agreement message.
  —   Actions can reinforce verbal communications.
  —   A compliment has more meaning if it is accompanied by direct eye contact.
         (a smile or hand shake)
  —   A person who walks past or away without a reply to a greeting.
            -negative impact
  —   Laughing at an idea presented to a group
            -negative impact
  —   Yawning while another is speaking
            -negative impact
       *** Also see Non-Verbal Communications ***


Environmental Impacts on Communication
          (Proxemics-Study of How People Use Space & Furnishings)


Non-Verbal Messages

  —   How an office or conference room is organized will affect interactions
         among individuals.
            Examples:
            -A large uncluttered office may strike visitors as cold and impersonal
            -A small office with an inviting arrangement of furniture may
              convey warm and personal.
  —   Observe a person's office/work environment since it can greatly contribute to
         understanding the individual.
  —   Make sure you are aware of the message you are sending.
         Is it the message you want to be sending?
  —   Managers who want to assert their authority will talk with subordinates over a large,
         rather than having them sit next to the desk or at uncluttered desk another location
         that allows communicationwithout any barriers.
  —   Excessive space and an overly pretentious desk are silent messages to
         subordinates or colleagues.
  —   If you are trying to elicit honest, candid conversation, these non-verbal
         messages are loudly giving an opposite message.
  —   Spaces and barriers will inhibit verbal responses from employees.
  —   Beware of mixed messages  (verbal and environmental)  such as:
            -Telling everyone that you have an "open door policy" but have them sit on the
              other side of an uncluttered desk.
            -Your office door is closed a great deal of the business day.
  —   Although employees do not have ownership of the space they occupy, respect
         should be shown for the territory each uses.
  —   Using employee space as an exit or entrance, etc... shows indifference to the
         occupant(s) and the importance of their contribution and position.
  —   Also see Brainstorming and Brainwriting techniques.



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